日本考虑斥巨资1130亿美元资助氢能计划

颗粒在线讯：据世界石油网4月4日报道，日本将考虑在未来15年拨出15万亿日元(1130亿美元)的公共和私营部门资金，以建立氢和氨供应链，帮助清洁能源行业。

根据周二内阁秘书处一个小组的提议，这个亚洲国家将考虑从2017年起更新其基本的氢战略，目标是到2040年使用大约1200万吨燃料来源。日本政府将在5月底之前制订具体的战略调整计划。

此举正值日本加倍努力实施使用氢和氨来减少排放并在2050年前实现碳中和的计划。像Jera Co.这样的发电厂正在努力在火力发电厂燃烧少量氢气和氨，同时燃烧液化天然气和煤炭，目标是最终完全取代化石燃料。

日本的目标是到2030年实现300万吨氢的使用，到2050年实现2000万吨氢的使用。该国的公共和私营部门已经与阿拉伯联合酋长国和澳大利亚等国建立了合作伙伴关系，以建立供应链，将大量的燃料海运货物运送到这个岛国。

氢和氨可以从可再生能源中产生，以制造无碳燃料，但制造和运输它们的技术仍处于发展的早期阶段，在可能广泛使用之前，必须解决成本高等挑战。

将氢和氨与化石燃料一起混合燃烧也引发了七国集团(Group of Seven)的争论，七国集团的能源和环境部长本月晚些时候将在日本北海道举行会议。批评人士说，该计划成本高、效率低，在减少二氧化碳污染的同时，可能会增加其他温室气体的排放。

日本政府还宣布了一项行动计划，包括加快国内可再生能源的开发，如钙钛矿(一种薄而灵活的太阳能电池原料)和海上浮动风能。日本将考虑利用新发行的主权债券为该行业的发展提供资金。

寿琳玲 编译自 世界石油

原文如下：

Japan considers funding hydrogen plan with $113 billion investment

Japan will consider setting aside 15 trillion yen ($113 billion) in public and private-sector funds over the next 15 years to create hydrogen and ammonia supply chain to help clean up its energy sector.

The Asian nation will consider updating its basic hydrogen strategy from 2017, with a target to use roughly 12 million tons of the fuel source by 2040, according to a proposal from a panel in Cabinet Secretariat held on Tuesday. The Japanese government will put together a detailed plan on the strategy revision by the end of May.

he move comes as Japan doubles down on plans to use hydrogen and ammonia to reduce emissions and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Electricity generators like Jera Co. are working to burn small amounts of hydrogen and ammonia alongside liquefied natural gas and coal at thermal power plants, with a goal to eventually completely replace the fossil fuels.

Japan already has a goal to implement 3 million tons of hydrogen use by 2030, and 20 million tons by 2050. Both public and private sectors in the nation have formed partnerships with countries like the United Arab Emirates and Australia to create supply chains that would bring enormous seaborne cargoes of the fuel to the island nation.

Hydrogen and ammonia can be produced from renewable power sources to create carbon-free fuels, but technologies to make and transport them are still in early stages of development, with challenges like high costs that must be resolved before wider use is possible.

Co-firing hydrogen and ammonia along with fossil fuels has also spurred debate among Group of Seven countries, whose energy and environment ministers are meeting later this month in Hokkaido, Japan. Critics say the plan is costly, inefficient and could increase emissions of other greenhouse gases even as it reduces carbon dioxide pollution.

The Japanese government also announced an action plan that includes speeding up development of domestically-made renewable energy, such as perovskite — a thin, flexible solar cell — and floating offshore wind. Japan will consider using its new sovereign bond to help fund development within the industry.

（责任编辑：黄振 审核：蒋文娟 ）